Quantifying the Survival Benefit for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Relapsed Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

Flow chart of patient treatments. Of 599 evaluable patients, 67 died during first salvage chemotherapy and 42 underwent HSCT as their first salvage therapy (both shown in gray boxes). These groups were not used in this analysis. The remaining 490 patients were evaluable; of these, 112 patients achieved CR, and 378 did not. After first salvage therapy, 94 patients did not undergo further treatment (shown in gray box) and were subsequently excluded from further analysis, leaving 396 patients for analysis.

Overall survival of patient cohorts. Kaplan-Meier survival probability curves were generated to evaluate overall survival probability for the entire evaluable cohort. A, Overall survival for the entire cohort according to treatment modality. B, Overall survival in patients who underwent HSCT in first salvage–induced CR. C, Overall survival in patients who underwent HSCT as second salvage. In all 3 analyses, a statistically significant survival advantage was observed in the HSCT cohorts.

First multiple-subgroup analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival probability curves were generated for subgroups based on remission status following first salvage, age, and cytogenetics as described in the heading for each curve. The letter heading for each curve matches the prognostic factors and survival data described in Table 3.

Second multiple-subgroup analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival probability curves were generated for subgroups based on the known prognostic factors of age and duration of CR1, as described in the heading for each curve. The letter heading for each curve matches the prognostic factors and survival data described in Table 4.